Non-skidding device for automobiles.



1. Q. SLYE. NON-SKlDDiNG DEVICE FOR AUTOMOBILES.

APPLICATXON FILED FEB. 13. 918. h K ,287A839 Patented M10, A918.

3 SHEETSSHEET I.

J I. I wwmtoz 9/5/1 17 Queen 66 6 A 1. QfSLYE. I NON-SKIDDENG DEVICE FORAUTOMOBILES.

APPUCATION FILED FEB. 13. I918.

Patented De@. 10, 1918.

3 SHEETSSHEET, 2.

J. Q. SLYE.

womsmoome DEVICE FOR AUTOMOBILES.

'zsmss Patented Dec. 10, 1918.

3 SHEETSS'HEET 3.

H QUEEN SLYE, 0F FJASHINGTOK,

DIETEICT 1F GOLUKEBIA.

ll'OliI-SKIDDENG DEVICE FGR AUTGMOISILES Specification of LettersPatent.

Patent-ed flee. fill, 191%.

Application filed February 13, 191%. Serial No. 218,841.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LJOHN QUEEN Sum, a.

citizen of the United States'of America, residing at lfashington city,in the District of Columbia have invented a new and useful Non-SkiddingDevice for Automobiles, of which the following is a specification.

In driving automobiles during sleet-y, snowy, and Wet weather, forward,backward, and lateral skidding is very often experienced, moreespecially at the time of sudden stopping and starting, either on makingcurves or going straight ahead, and at sudden stopping resulting fromapplying the emergency brake. The automobile Wheels and their tires, theframe or the chassis, the springs, and the body are not only subjectedto strains and other damaging eii'ects, but there have occurred manyaccidents against life as a result of skidding.

It has been particularly noted that at the time of starting anautomobile during heavy snows, even though the drive Wheels be equippedwith the conventional W'eed chains, the wheels spin around, with hardlyany effect on the automobile, and, hence, it is .the aim'of thisinvention to provide a device to overcome such difiiculty.

Consequently, this invent-ion relates to an improved antiornon-skidding; device of the kind to be manually manipulated orcontrolled by the operator or chauffeur, at any time, particularlyduring; the emergencies heretofore mentioned.

111E invention aims to provide against forward, backward and lateralskidding, hence, relieving the strains and Wear and other damages on thevarious foregoing parts of the automobile, and, at the, same time,avoiding accidents.

A further object of the present invention results in providing animproved antior non-skidding device, which is quick and exceedinglypositive in act-ion.

further object resides in the provision of means manually manipulated,and, subsequent-1y, becoming; automatic, for instantly releasingnon-skidding members, in order to permit them to quickly respond. totheir positive actions.

. A further o'b'ect of the invention is to pro videa pair orspring-te'nsibned plun'gers having non-skidding means, and holding meanstor said plungers, and a mechanism tov So actuate said lungers as to hereleased from the holding ineans, whereby the plundevice.

gers, under the actions of their tcnsioning springs, will move or beforced downwardly and apply their non-skidding means.

A further object oiathe invention is the provision of non-skidding meansconsisting of vacuum cups and spikes or the like, which areinterchangeable, the vacuum cups for sleety, slippery, rainy o1- vvetWeather, Whereas the spikes are especially designed for hard packed snowor'lcy road-beds.

A furtherobject of the invention is to provide operating means for thenon-skidding members, adjustable to tit automobile frames or chassis ofdiiierent lengths.

A further object of the invention consists in the provision of a singlemeans for re leasing the plungers from and re-set-ting them intoengagement with their holding means.

A further object of the invention is to provide suspension means for thenon-skidding devices, and bracing means for reinforcing the entirestructure, in order to insure rigidlt-y, whereby the entire structuremay resist the various strains, at the time of the application of thenon-skidding means.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of the presentkind for overcoming the whirling or spinning of the drive Wheels at thetime of starting the automobile, it being the aim that at the time offorth, shown in'the drawings, and claimed.

in the drawings Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of an automobile shing the improved non-skidding or anti-skidding apparatus, as applied.Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the center drive shaft casing, the reardrive axle easingand the differential casing, illustratingtheapplication' ofthe antior non-skidding Fig. 3 is a detail verticalsectional vieiy through one of the plunger chambers, showmg; 71gtensioned plunger mounted 1 spiked plate therein lower end.

Fig. l is a sectional view on line Fig. 3.

Fig. 5

Fig. 6 is a detail rub is a detail sectional view, foot of one 01' theplungers, illustra IlOIl-Slilddlflg vacuun 1 cups. perspective view of ror composition of rubber and canvas with its non-skidding mBYlCG e11plate with its vacuinn'eups formed therewith.

Fig. 7 is a detail per spcctive view oi 21 adapted to be substituted fore vacuum cupped plgite.

F 1g. 8 is a detail sectional view through a modified -form of means foroperating or releasing the non-skidding plungcrs.

Fig. 9 is a transverse sectiona view on line 9'9 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 10 is a rear view of a. conventional form of automobile, shownon-skidding a modified means for operating the same.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view ing an improved a'iparatus as applied,showing f the center drive shaft casing, the rear drive axle casingandits di drive wheels of an automohil improved n0n-skiddin an enlargeddetail per n skidding de ices Fig. 12 is view of one shown in Fig. 11.

of the no Fig. 13 is a sectiona of Fig. 12.

tferential casing and one of the e, showing the g apparatus applied.spective 1 View on line l3-l8 Reterring more especially to the drawings, particularly Figs. 1, 2, 10 and 11, 1

designates the conventional center drive shaft casing of an automobile2, and .3 denotes the rear drive axle casing, differential casing. C

drive axle By means of an in sk dding devices a and 4 the armed by therear are the usual drive Wheels 6.

:proved hanger the nonre suspended from the casing 3. This hanger 7,preferably constructed which is disposed 'innnediatel 3, and issuspended fro casing by means of the bearing brac Each hearing oracl:

comprises a mere er of rod material,

below the in the casing kets 8 and et is constructed from a singlelength of steel plate, bent upon itself to provide a cylindri member 7..The opposite s1 hearing are beyond the together by the bolts 11.

tenlng means or cal bearing 10 for the des'ot' the plate,

securely fastened Beyond the fasbolts 11, the opposite sides of theplate are bent or curved to form s-emifor the reception of thecylindrical parts 12 casin 3 and the e are brought close Xtremities ofthe plate together and secured by the bolts 13. By this construction ofbracket,

the member 7 downwardly under casing uifi'erential casing let lSL

is suspended securely and in order to r c 1 uide chamber a vertically mmthe lower end of which term i larged foot 20. This foot is coz i tocarry antior non-skidding means, Bit-Jill spike devices or vacuummembers. In other .WOiClS, the foot Wears a shoe 1, consi ing of theupper and lower pin which are secured together by The upper face of thef x pression corresponding in receiving the lower part of the foot 20 issecurely fastened in sion ofthe plate by means of the screws 26, whichare passed upwardly through the plate and into the foot. The upper faceof the plate 23 is litewise provided with a depression 2? for thereception of a metallic plate 28, which provided .With downwardlyextending projections or spikes or spurs 29. These spikes or spurs(which are partially conical) extend through a plurality of openings inthe plate The spurs or spikes are designed to dig or firmly grip intothe ice or snow, whereby the shoe carried by the foot may be held firmlyand against slipping at the time of starting or stopping the automobile,hence avoiding skidding. Another plate 31 constructed of any suitablematerial, ureter-ably rubber or a composition of "no .nd canvas or thelike, may he rec i the de ruhher or pression :27 of the plate "a.

composition of, ruhher and cenvas n .2 is

A I .J 4! 7 1 i provider. with a pluralit oi. cylindrical Carried by thelower ends of the or parts 11 collars 3%. Each "oliar or hand 34 may beshrunk, brazed or otherwise secured. for instance, by the ri or the like35, to the leg or part 17. Secured in any suitable manner, or formed asanlntegral part of the collars arebraces ti 'which extend upwardly andinwardly toward each other, and secured in any suitable manner, forinstance hy brazing or otherwise, to the bearings 10 of the plate-s01members or hearbrackets 8, thereby bracing legs or 1 tie'geencling partsA? against all teral strains, at the time of Starting and st pin theautomobile, Qonne ted to the collars or bonds Sipintegrally or oybrazing orptl rwise, are braces 37, Whicl; extend forwardly,

uower ly and inwardly toward each other and secured otby means ofrivetsor like or brazing or otherwise to the cylinders 17 in their rear wellsare provitiedwitli elongated I of the heavy expansion springs l5.

expansion springs e are interposed between I spring. The upper. end ofthe spring t e-shaped slots rt-1,, the vertical parts of which extendlongitudinally of the cylinders and slot as guides tor the lateral pinsof the plungers 19. These lateral pins 43 may be secured in any suitablemanner to the plungers 19, either integrally or by brazing or otherwise,arid are designed to normally engage the lateral ports it of theL-sliapeci slots, in order to hold the plungers 19 .nor molly in raisedposition against the nose the upper ends of the plunger-s l9 and theupper end walls of the chambers 18. These springs not only act to expancthrowing the plungcrs downwardly to cause the nonsliiitlcling means toengage the roadibed, but also set as torsional springs, in order to holdthe lateral pins 43 in the lateral parts it of said. L-shapecl slots. Inorder that the springs 45 may act torsionally, the lower end ot-each islocated in a recess 46 of the upper end of each plunger. This recess 46is ar ranged eccentric to the center of the plunger,

carried by the rear faces of the legs or cylinders ll are 53. Thelionoers or rearing brackets ell) are each constructed o. met-til strap,bent to form the cylindrical hearing at, and. beyond the bearing 5% theend ports of the strap are riveted or otlierwise secured together, 3.5SllOWD at whereby the semi-cylindrical portions 39 may clamp the driveshaft casing; l in (lizunetrithe cables or cords 59, which pass throughthe eyes and have their outer ends sc-' cured to the eyes 52 of thelateral pins l3. This operating rod consists of two sectioiis and ill,which are telescopically united, as shown clearly in Figs. 2 and ll andthe section 61 is designed to be held in different adjusted positions inthe section 30 by means of the thumb screw (52. This ope-rating rod isconstructed in adjustable telescopiczil sections, in order to fit1iutoniobile frames or chassis of difi'erent lengths. Secured to thetoot-board or portion (33 of I the floor of the automobile by means ofthe bolts or the ii is (3 is a bearing: plate (:5 provided with onelongated slot- (Stl. Pivotally mounted upon a pin 67 (WlllClilS carriedby the cars 68 of the bearing plate) is a lever 69. This lever isangular, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 11, and is provided with atransverse toot-engaging portion '70 at 1ts upper end and opposing forks71 at its in tact, in the cylindrical circumference, to.

receive the depending extension $7 of the hes on extension l8,.wliichextends through the upper end wall of the cylinder or leg or part 17.The opening 49 through which, the extension 48 passes is aimed axiallywith the recess l6 of the plunger, and when the spring 4:5 is insertedin place, it is put under tension or given a partial twist, so that thetorsional action of the spring will exert ,-itself toliold the lateralpin 4-3 in the lateral part 14 of the L'slmpedslot, thereby holding theplunger normally in its raised position lower encl. The forks 71 areprovided with slots '72 for the reception of a pivot bolt 73, by whichthe forward end of the section 61 of the operating rod 56 is [)lVOtlLllyconnected between the forks 71. it is to be observed that the operatingrod 56 is suspended immediately below the drive shaft casing 1 and,owing to this, the lever 39 is provided with alateral bend o1; zircli7%.

The arch is large and elongated enough to arch laterally about thecasing 1 and at the seine time leave clearance enough to pernnt opt theactuation of the lever 69. The

slot-Ct; in the bearing plate is elongated enough to allow of movementof the lever when depressed by the foot of tlieoperzitor.

A nut 50 is' threaded on the extension l8,

and the extremity of the extension 48 is rivsteel, as sliownot o1,thereby preventing displecenient of the nut -50. The expensive- I actionof the spring 1-5 is sutlicient and great enough to force the plunger19' quickly clownwerdly,' i vlier eby the' spikes or the vacuumcii'ps'may engage the road-bed positively. 'Cei'rietlby or secured tothe lateral pins 43in tiny suitable inenner ior instance egg by brazingor otherwise, are eyes it is to be observed that the lateral portions 13of said L'SllllDGd slots oi the cylinders or legs 1'? extend laterallyfrom QtiCl'l'OthQl', and by the torsional action of both springs 45 thelateral pins 43 of the plringcrs 19 are held in engagement with theshoulders 7 5 of the lateral parts 44 of tlie l shaped slots. It is tobe 'noted that when the plungers l9 and-their non-skidding spikes. or'

vacuum cups are in raised positions, the operating rods 5.6 assumepositions, shown in.

ll 2 we ll t" e cords or oebles 59 beii mug r ercon'ie the torsion i'ings 15, but sl sullirient fluif in a position against" ien ii isdesired to drop or cause them to be dropped, re lay-means of the foot istransverse part '70 of the loot to tl applied lever (if), and, since theslot 355 i long enough upartial aetuatim'i oi the lever nal na'wemeut.is imparted to The operating rod so will, in tin. inunediai'ely impartpulling actions simultaneously on the cords or eahles 59, which. willinstantly rock the plunrzers l!) on parallel in sat-h a manner andslowly a gain torsional actions of the springs nherel v rhe pins l3 mayoscillate io'ward engage. them iron; the shoulders T5 of the lateralparts llot' the Lshaped slots of the cylinders or legs. Just as soon asthe lateral pins 43 become register? with the vertical portions 412 ofthe L'shaped slots. the expansive. action or the springs 45 instantlycome into play, therei imparting downward movements to the plung'el's19. it is to he observed that owing to the torsional action of thesprings 45, (he shoes and their non-skidding means of the feet of theplun- 19 are held substantially at right angles to the tread surface. ofthe tires of the drive Wheels of the automobile. llut when the plunge-rsre given a partial turn or rocking! movemen against l'he lorsiouaiaeiums of the sprin 45, ii e shoes of the feel of said pluugers willH2216 acute angles to the tread surface of the drive wheels of thoautomobile, thereby attainin a greater holding eil'ecr on ihe road-bedand more efiiciently r loving or avoiding non-skidding. After theplungers if) have descended and the functions of the, nor:sl i l lingmeans performed, said pluugers during such ac lions impart pullingactions on the cords or cables 59, which, in turn. will move the operating rocl forward, and will then tilt the fool; lever 69 rcarwardiy.After the non-skidding means has performed its duly. it is the aim lorestore he plungers to their initial positions. In order to accomplishthis, foot pressure is applied to the lever 39, which, in turn, willimpart rearward reciprocating movement to the operating rod 56, pullingupon the cords or cables 59 and, consequently, raising the plungers andtheir non-skiclding means. The plungers are elevatecl in the chambers 18of ihe legsll until the pins 45 reach the a longitiuli the operating rod5H.

upper encls of ezuh other sullieiently to dis- 1 the plungers areiarliall' descend if lhe eggs, and just as soon as the pins 43 with thelateral parts --l oi the l..-shaped slots 41, the torsional actions ofthe springs will rock or partially rotaie the plunger-s 19, whereby thepins l5 will more into line lateral parts ll of said l..-shaped slots.The shoulders will act to support the plungers in their raisedpositions.

In Figs. ll. 12 and 13, the combined torsional and expansive springs 45are dispensed with, and in lieu thereof simply expansive springs 76 areemployed, the ex pausive. actions of which act to force the phmgers ll)downwariil, to cause ihe nonskidding means to net upon the road-bed.However, in using only expansive springs, it is necessary to provide.some means for releasing the planners 1!), and to accomplish thisadditional cords or eahles T7 are provided. These, eords or cables areattzu'hed to eyes 7b of the lateral pins l3, and are'passed through theeyes if) depeiu'ling from the bearings 10 of the hrru-liels 9. These('Ql'ds 7? merge together, as at 80, to which a single cord 81 isconnected. The cord 81 is in turn, connected at to a. foot lever 83,which is pivoted at 84- between the, sides 85 of a supporting plate.which is designed to he the floor of an autolmohile. A spring 87 isconnected to the foot lever, and, in turn, to a part of the frame of theairloiimliile, l1oldingthe lever 83 normally in the position shown inFig 11. In order to release or diseng'age the lateral pins 43 from theshoulders 75 of the lateral parts ll. of the L shaped slots, footpressure is applied tothe lever 83, imparting a slight pulling actionupon the cord or cable 81. tion, in turn, pulls upon the cords 7?, whichwill simultaneously disengage the lateral pins 43 from the shoulders 75.The expansive action of the springs 76 will instantly force the plungersl9 downwardly, thereby applying the non-skidding means. To res tained onboth lovers until the pins 43 re ister with the lateral parts; 44 of theL- shaped slots, after which pressure is released on the foot lever 83,and foot pressure is increased on the lever 69, action. upon the0pcrating rod 56 will impart; pulling action upon the cables or cords59, and restore the lateral pins 43 in engagement with the shoulders 75of the lateral parts 44 of the L- shaped slots. These actions may berepented when it is desired to again apply l he non-skidding means.

In Fig. 8 another form of operating means fastened to the fooi -board ofboth levers 69 and 83. and this foot pressure is main This pullingaceemees is provided for actuating the operating rod This n'ieenscomprises a casing 88 which may he of any suitehle shape, preferably asshown, and is designed to be so cured at 89 to die floor-board 33 of thefloor of the nutmnohile, This cesing 88 has an enlarged pert S0, in theopposite Walls of which cylindrical extensions )1 of a, shaft 92 aremounted. The central portion of the shaft is rec'ranguln in cross.section and carries a gear 91} Formed integral with the gear, as at M,is n redial arm 95, the free end oi which has a slot 96. A push rack her9? iuouni c. in the guide portion 98 of the casing 88 gear 93, lhereduced portion 99 of the reel; her is guided in the opening 100 of shelower end of the casing 88. The upper end of the reel; her has :1. footpiece 101. In epplying the operating means in Fig. 8, the extremiiy ofthe section 83. of l'he operating rod is pivoielly connected in the slot96 of the arm 95 by meanso'f the stud pin 102. It is to he noted that byapplying 'loht pressure upon the foo piece 101., depressing the rack burh a rotating action may he inipnrted to the gear, which will, in turn,through the medium of the arm 95, move the operating rod 56 renrwardly,zine, consequeuily. rnise the plung l9.

The invention having been set forth, whet is claimed as new and usefulis:-

l. The combination with en rear drive :iXle casing, of carrierssuspended therefrom, non-skidding devices moveblv and yieldnhlv mountedin said carriers, and holding means formed in and carried by thecarriers in positions.

The combination with an automobile rear drive axle casing, of carrierssuspended therefrom, nonekidding' devices in said eerriers, holdingmeans cnrri d by the carriers to hold the devices in normal raisedpositions, and means for holding said devices in engngcinenl with eidholdin menus,

ion with the rear drive 3. rue co axle e irriers suspended thereirom,IlO11-Sll(lill1i (levees in said carriers, hold I ing means carried vthe carriers to held devices in ll'Jliilzil isco positions,end-lorsionel means for h idin z said devices in. engagement with saidholding means.

l. In comhmntiou'vviih the rear drive axle suspend 3d there the easing,vertical carrie from, non-skidding: mounte in said can" holding: hestems wherein; the shoes .lIQ- held A yieldn' in such.

' ilie stems acute lin wheels,

. heels, and means and its teeth mesh wiih the eutoniobile hold (hedevices in nor: ll raised stems yieldeloly in such positions, means foractuatingthe stems egninsc the action of the torsionnlnieens forthrowing the shoes at acute angles to the tread surface'oi' the drivefor imparting downward movements to the stems as the shoes assume acuteangles to the Wheel treads 6. In combination with the rear drive axlecasing, movable nbn-skidding devices suspended therefrom, tensioningmeans therefor to hold the devices out of engagement with the road-bed,means for holding the devices at right angles to the tread surface oflhe drive Wheel, and means for actuating the devices against the actionof the second means, whereby the first means may respond to throw thenon-skidding devices downwerdlv and at: acute angles to the treadsurfaces or the drive wheels.

7. In combination with; a rear drive mile casing; a. carrier suspendedthereon having guide clnun'bers at each end, the wells of the guidechambers having L-slots, non sliiddlng means having: ster'rns niountedin the chambers and provided with lateral devices engaging the lateralportions of the l.-slol's, means for holding the lateral devices inengagement with ihelateral portions of theln-slotgniea-ns foriinnerti'ng dovvn- Ward movement to the stems 0 apply the non-skiddingmeans, end means tonn'pert torsional action to the stems to'i'elees'ethe lateral devices, whereby the tensioning menus nnry respond to applythe non-skidding means.

' 8. in combination with 3 rear drive axle casing, a carrier suspendedthereon hiiving guide clnun'bers at each end, the Walls of the guidechambers having L-slots,-.nonskidding means havingstems mounted in thechambers-end provided with lateral devices engaging the lateral portionsof lhe L-slo'iis, torsional means for'holding the leterzil devices inengagement iththe .leterel poi-lions of the ie-slots, said torsionalmeans including enpensiblemeans for impartingdownwerd movement to thestems to apply the non-skidding; means, and me to actuate the seems .egthe io'rsionml means lo release the lateral devices fronrthe-l ernlportions of the lesions Whereoy e lensioningr means may ..i-f-il'-il(lilng means, 9. 12.11 combination with e, 1.5 I erasing: a: carriereuspended thereon, op of the carrier ha ving degceuding' -llilechambers, the lesions non-sldddnng;

to apply 1 shear s ems vert ally 'eosahh i the said lateral parts tosupport the pluneha: 1 v having lateral pins gets raised, means intliQCillllQl'SiLIKl. operateng aeral parts of the islets, ing 1eplungei's to force said means in said combined torsional and expansivemeans lateral parts and also force said plungers 5 aeting at one i tohold the lateral pins downwardly, whereby said shoes may engage c v r e.I. w he lateral parts 91 the e-slots torsionally, the roadbed at acuteangles to the Wheel 2 etl as trees to unpart down treads, and amechanism for disengaging '0 the stems to apply the 1 rst means fromsaid lateral parts.

in a non-skidding device for automothe combination with a hanger rigidlylifted and suspended from the rear axle of llc Ti post ends ot thearrier having depending the automobile, of bracing means therefor,

legs provfed with guide chamhergthe wal s tubular carriers dependingfrom the ends of the legs haw" ln-slots, non-skidding ot the hanger andhaving vertical gulde slots provided with lateral parts, ed in saidcarriers for therein, non-skidding lower ends of said forcing saidplungers mount- 7 I w shoes harm r s vertically movable in :l verticalmovement the chambers, stems having lateral pins engaging the lateralparts of the islets, combined 101s ml and. expansive means a; one timeto hold. the lateral pins in the laeraparts of the islets torsionally,said shoes to engage the roadibed, elements and at certain other times timpart down carried by the plungers and engaging said Ward movements tothe stems to applythe lateral parts to hold said plungers raised,.idding shoes, and means connected means connected to said elements toraise plungers, spring means plungers downwardly to cause Leral runs forimparting a reeking the phi 5', whereby said elements may stems againstshe action of engage stud lateral parts, and means t acto force saidelements ement with said lateral parts. an automobile non-skiddingdevice iiuation with a holder, of a plunger therein and havipg a foot, ashoe a pair 01" complement-a1 upper fee, the upper plate having a 1V0said foot, means to secure 1 id foot, the lower plate e and torsional as,

lion n skiddh as seferth, a

e having a foot, a

s end lo r 2.21

are said elnngers A ll.

A 7 i upper face and prosings therein, a non-skidding said plates andengaging Li e lower plate and having 311 devices protruding. l6 D3 s,and means for fasin the presence of two signature 1s here- N QUEEN'SLYE,

shoes carried by the

